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As Russia , who controlled all export pipelines of these countries, consistently refused to allow the use of its pipeline network, these companies needed an independent export route avoiding both Iran and Russia. The original project started on 15 March when an inaugural memorandum of understanding between the governments of Turkmenistan and Pakistan for a pipeline project was signed.
This project was promoted by Argentinian company Bridas Corporation. The U. On 21 October , these two companies signed a separate agreement with Turkmenistan's president Saparmurat Niyazov. CentGas consortium for construction of a pipeline, led by Unocal, was formed. On 27 October , CentGas was incorporated in formal signing ceremonies in Ashgabat , Turkmenistan, by several international oil companies along with the Government of Turkmenistan.
Since the pipeline was to pass through Afghanistan, it was necessary to work with the Taliban. In January , the Taliban , selecting CentGas over Argentinian competitor Bridas Corporation , signed an agreement that allowed the proposed project to proceed. The United States alleged that Osama bin Laden was behind those attacks, and all pipeline negotiations halted, as the Taliban's then leader, Mullah Omar , announced that bin Laden had the Taliban's support. Unocal withdrew from the consortium on 8 December , and soon after closed its offices in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
After September 11 attacks some people came to believe that a possible motivation for the attacks included justifying the invasions of Afghanistan as well as geostrategic interests such as the Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline project, but this is usually dismissed by analysts as a conspiracy theory. The new deal on the pipeline was signed on 27 December by the leaders of Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan.
The project has drawn strong US support as it would allow the Central Asian republics to export energy to Western markets "without relying on Russian routes". On 24 April , Pakistan, India and Afghanistan signed a framework agreement to buy natural gas from Turkmenistan.
Consequently, Islamabad and New Delhi too could not agree on the transit fee for the segment of the pipeline passing through Pakistan, which has linked its fee structure to any India-Afghanistan agreement. Construction on the project started in Turkmenistan on 13 December [3] and was completed by mid The pipeline will be 1, mm 56 in in diameter with a working pressure of atm 10, kPa. The 1, km 1, mi pipeline will run from Galkynysh gas fields in Turkmenistan through Afghanistan and Pakistan to India.
It starts from the Galkynysh gas field. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Natural gas pipeline. Retrieved 13 December Retrieved 17 July Pakistan Observer. Retrieved 10 October The Hindu. Retrieved 28 June Forbidden Truth — U. Nation Books. ISBN It is kilometres mi long, of which kilometres mi is in Azerbaijan and kilometres mi in Georgia. The first aim of the pipeline is to supply Turkey and Georgia. In the longer term, it will supply Europe with Caspian natural gas through the planned Southern Gas Corridor pipelines, such as the Trans Adriatic Pipeline and Trans-Anatolian gas pipeline.
The shareholders of the consortium are:. The technical operator of the pipeline is BP and the commercial operator is Statoil. This capacity increase would be able to accommodate an additional 16 bcm gas coming from the SD-2 project. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Azerbaijan portal Turkey portal Georgia country portal Energy portal. Retrieved Upstream Online. Eurasia Daily Monitor. Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 18 January Jamestown Foundation. Hidden categories: Pages containing links to subscription-only content Azerbaijan articles missing geocoordinate data All articles needing coordinates Articles missing coordinates without coordinates on Wikidata.
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The Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline is a 1, kilometres (1, mi) long crude oil pipeline from the Azeri–Chirag–Gunashli oil field in the Caspian Sea. The South Caucasus Pipeline is a natural gas pipeline from the Shah Deniz gas field in the Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea to Turkey. The Trans-Caspian Oil Transport System is a proposed project to transport oil through the particular Total who has a share in both the field and the BTC pipeline.